What are the cells called that are acted on by hormones?

The cells that are acted on by hormones are referred to as target organ cells. These cells possess specific receptors that bind to particular hormones, allowing them to respond to the hormonal signals. When a hormone is released into the bloodstream, it travels throughout the body and specifically targets those cells that have the complementary receptors. This targeted interaction prompts various physiological actions, such as metabolism regulation, growth, and development, thereby maintaining homeostasis within the body.

The importance of target organ cells lies in their ability to initiate and mediate the effects of hormones, which is crucial for the functioning of endocrine signaling. This specificity ensures that hormones can exert their effects in a controlled manner, responding only to the appropriate stimuli and facilitating complex biological processes.