What condition results in glucose being found in urine?

Glycosuria refers specifically to the presence of glucose in the urine, which occurs when blood glucose levels exceed the renal threshold for glucose reabsorption. Under normal circumstances, the kidneys filter glucose from the blood, but they usually reabsorb it completely. When blood glucose levels are too high, typically due to conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, the kidneys can no longer reabsorb all the glucose, leading to its excretion in urine. Therefore, glycosuria is the direct result of high levels of glucose spilling into the urine, making it the correct answer.

While hyperglycemia indicates elevated blood glucose levels and may lead to glycosuria, it does not describe the presence of glucose in urine. Hypoglycemia signifies low blood glucose levels, which would not contribute to the presence of glucose in the urine. Polyuria is characterized by increased urination, which can occur in conditions like diabetes but does not specifically indicate the presence of glucose in the urine.