What is the primary treatment for dermal icterus in neonates?

Phototherapy is the primary treatment for dermal icterus, also known as neonatal jaundice. This condition often occurs due to an elevation of bilirubin levels in the blood, which can lead to a yellowing of the skin and eyes in newborns. Phototherapy works by exposing the skin to specific wavelengths of light, which help to convert the bilirubin into a form that can be more easily excreted by the body through urine and feces. The treatment is usually effective and non-invasive, often requiring only a few days of therapy to resolve the jaundice.

In contrast, other treatment options may not be as effective for this specific condition. While medication can be used in certain cases to address the underlying causes of jaundice, it is not the first line of treatment. Surgery is typically reserved for more severe cases involving structural issues with the liver or bile ducts, rather than for metabolic jaundice. Increased hydration can assist overall health, but it does not directly address bilirubin levels or the underlying mechanisms of jaundice. Therefore, phototherapy remains the most effective and widely utilized treatment for managing dermal icterus in neonates.